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JOURNAL OF WATER MANAGEMENT MODELING
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Spatial Variation of Unit Hydrograph Parameters for Rainfall Derived Infiltration/Inflow and the Relationship with Physical Factors

Li Zhang, Fang Cheng, Greg Barden, Hunter Kelly, Tim Fallara and Edward Burgess (2013)
CDM Smith, USA
City of Columbus, USA
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14796/JWMM.R246-04
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Abstract

Rainfall-derived infiltration and inflow (RDII) into sanitary sewers is known to be a major contributor to sanitary sewer overflow (SSO) occurrences and water-in-basement (WIB) complaints. Modeling of sanitary sewer systems is commonly employed to investigate these problems, using continuous or single event simulations. Continuous simulation can simulate RDII more effectively for planning than single-event simulations by incorporating antecedent moisture conditions (AMC) directly, rather than using assumed AMC as necessary for single event simulations. AMC is represented by monthly initial abstraction (IA) parameters in SWMM5, which is used with the unit hydrograph parameters (RTK) to continuously simulate RDII. Monitoring limitations often hinder accurate calibration of these parameters, and assumed values need to be used. Understanding both the spatial and temporal variation of the empirically derived unit hydrograph parameters, including both total RDII capture fraction (R) and IA, is important for accurately establishing assumed values for these model parameters to obtain robust simulation results.

This paper presents a statistical analysis of spatial variation of total R and IA and their relationship with physical system factors such as pipe density (length of pipes per acre), pipe age, land use, vegetation coverage, soil type, etc., provided for a project in Columbus, Ohio. R and IA were obtained from continuous calibration of a system-wide model (Sewer System Capacity Model Update 2006 SSCM MU 2006). Model calibration used flow monitoring data, radar-rainfall and rain gage rainfall data collected during 2008 and 2009. The model was calibrated with seasonal (dormant and growth seasons) RTK and seasonal IA parameters to simulate RDII. Global Moran’s I and Anselin Local Moran’s I tests were performed on seasonal total R and IA to detect spatial autocorrelation and clusters and outliers. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship of total R and IA with various physical system factors.

The results showed significant spatial autocorrelation of both total R and IA (SWMM5 Dmax parameter) for both dormant and growth seasons. Total R showed more significant spatial autocorrelation than Dmax. Regression analysis of total R and Dmax with the physical factors revealed a strong relationship of total R with pipe density and pipe age. Adjusted R2 exceeding 70% for both seasons was achieved. However, no significant relationship was detected between Dmax and the physical factors. The significant relationship found in this study has benefitted Columbus’s SSCM MU 2006 model, as a means of estimating total R for basins that cannot be calibrated directly by using a calibrated basin nearby or downstream basins with similar pipe density and pipe age. Further testing on other systems may reveal whether this finding is broadly applicable or only applies to the Columbus, Ohio system studied.

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PAPER INFO

Identification

CHI ref #: R246-04 691
Volume: 21
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14796/JWMM.R246-04
Cite as: JWMM 21: R246-04

Publication History

Received: N/A
First decision: N/A
Accepted: N/A
Published: February 15, 2013

Status

# reviewers: 2
Version: Final published

Copyright

© 2013 CHI.
Some rights reserved.

License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The Journal of Water Management Modeling is an open-access (OA) publication. Open access means that articles and papers are available without barriers to all who could benefit from them. Practically speaking, all published works will be available to a worldwide audience, free, immediately on publication. As such, JWMM can be considered a Diamond, Gratis OA journal.

All papers published in the JWMM are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY).

JWMM content can be downloaded, printed, copied, distributed, and linked-to, when providing full attribution to both the author/s and JWMM.


AUTHORS

Li Zhang

CDM Smith, Columbus, OH, USA
ORCiD:

Fang Cheng

CDM Smith, Columbus, OH, USA
ORCiD:

Greg Barden

City of Columbus, Columbus, OH, USA
ORCiD:

Hunter Kelly

City of Columbus, Columbus, OH, USA
ORCiD:

Tim Fallara

City of Columbus, Columbus, OH, USA
ORCiD:

Edward Burgess

CDM Smith, Cincinnati, OH, USA
ORCiD:


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creative commons license   JWMM content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0 DEED)


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