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Flow Regime Transition and Air Entrapment in Combined Sewer Storage Tunnels

Steven J. Wright, Jose Vasconcelos, James Lewis and Calvin T. Creech (2009)
University of Michigan; Universidade de Brasilia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14796/JWMM.R235-15
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Abstract

The rapid filling of a stormwater storage tunnel is accompanied by a flow regime transition from free surface to pressurized flow with the presence of a hydraulic bore. Nearly all previous experimental investigations of flow regime transition have involved the study of pipe-filling bores; this seems to be a consequence of the experimental setup implemented as opposed to a necessarily common occurrence in prototype systems. In analyzing transient filling conditions in a large combined sewer overflow storage tunnel proposed for Washington DC, it became clear that the flow regime transition more commonly occurs as a gradual flow regime transition which involves a regular free surface bore followed by a gradually sloping free surface up to the pipe crown. This unsteady process can result in air pockets being trapped and pressurized in the system. As these air pockets reach a ventilation shaft, they can be quickly released upward in an air-water mixture. This phenomenon known as geysering potentially results in the untreated poor quality water returning to the surface. Laboratory experiments were used to observe the formation of pressurized air pockets and geysering events associated with gradual flow regime conditions.

Geysers that occur due to the release of these air pockets do not necessarily correspond to high pressures in the system. The consequences of these observations for the requirements of numerical models are discussed. It is also shown that the geysering phenomenon can be significantly reduced by altering the geometry of the ventilation shafts.

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PAPER INFO

Identification

CHI ref #: R235-15 799
Volume: 17
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14796/JWMM.R235-15
Cite as: CHI JWMM 2009;R235-15

Publication History

Received: N/A
Accepted: N/A
Published: February 15, 2009

Status

# reviewers: 2
Version: Final published

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© 2009 CHI. Some rights reserved.

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Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The Journal of Water Management Modeling is an open-access (OA) publication. Open access means that articles and papers are available without barriers to all who could benefit from them. Practically speaking, all published works will be available to a worldwide audience, free, immediately on publication. As such, JWMM can be considered a Diamond, Gratis OA journal.

All papers published in the JWMM are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY).

JWMM content can be downloaded, printed, copied, distributed, and linked-to, when providing full attribution to both the author/s and JWMM.


AUTHORS

Steven J. Wright

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
ORCiD:

Jose Vasconcelos

Universidade de Brasilia, Brazil
ORCiD:

James Lewis

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
ORCiD:

Calvin T. Creech

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
ORCiD:


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