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Sediment Transport in Grass Swales

Yukio Nara and Robert E. Pitt (2006)
University of Alabama; University of Alabama
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14796/JWMM.R225-16
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Abstract

Grass swales are vegetated open channels that collect and transport stormwater runoff. They are often used as an alternative to concrete gutters to transport runoff along streets due to their low cost. However, they also offer several advantages in stormwater quality management, especially in their ability to infiltrate runoff. This chapter describes another benefit of grass swales: their ability to trap particulates during low flows. A series of detailed laboratory tests were conducted to describe sediment transport processes for stormwater grass swales. Field verifications of these processes are also described in this chapter. As expected, runoff hydraulics, especially depth of flow, along with swale length, affect the transport of particulates of different sizes. Shallow flows (less than the grass height) provided consistently high removal rates, while deeper flows (and especially along with relatively low sediment concentrations) had poorer sediment trapping abilities. Obviously, long swales and large particle sizes are an effective combination, but the smallest particles are likely to be effectively transported along most swales. There appeared to be equilibrium concentrations for different particle sizes that were not further reduced, irrespective of swale length, likely associated with combinations of scour of material from the underlying soil or of previously trapped sediment, and the carrying capacity of the water.

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PAPER INFO

Identification

CHI ref #: R225-16 875
Volume: 14
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14796/JWMM.R225-16
Cite as: CHI JWMM 2006;R225-16

Publication History

Received: N/A
Accepted: N/A
Published: February 15, 2006

Status

# reviewers: 2
Version: Final published

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© 2006 CHI. Some rights reserved.

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Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The Journal of Water Management Modeling is an open-access (OA) publication. Open access means that articles and papers are available without barriers to all who could benefit from them. Practically speaking, all published works will be available to a worldwide audience, free, immediately on publication. As such, JWMM can be considered a Diamond, Gratis OA journal.

All papers published in the JWMM are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY).

JWMM content can be downloaded, printed, copied, distributed, and linked-to, when providing full attribution to both the author/s and JWMM.


AUTHORS

Yukio Nara

University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
ORCiD:

Robert E. Pitt

University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
ORCiD:


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